L'outil idéal pour assurer le pilotage séquentiel et sonore des exercices et dégager ainsi l’entraîneur des fastidieux coups de sifflets, afin qu'il puisse se consacrer exclusivement à l'animation de sa séance sans perdre de vue ses athlètes en action.

Why and how to individualise physical work
individualiser le travail physique

If the notion of individualisation of work was once an abstract concept in physical work, it has now found real legitimacy. The evaluation tools now available to technicians, wheter there are professionnels or amateurs make it possible to accurately evaluate certain physiological parameters, such as maximum heart rate: MYcocach Tracker, MAS ( sportbeeper), specific training zones and their respective heart rates, and even, at a certain level, lactatemia at different intensities.

The notion of individualisation then takes on its full meaning.

Different physiological impacts from one subject to another

 

Let’s take the case of two players who have maximum heart rates (HR MAX) of 210 and 175 respectively. If the session aims to work in a target zone of 170-175 beats per minute for an aerobic work of 70% to 75% of the MAS, the physiological impacts will be totally different. The first will be perfectly in the zone, while the second will be at 95-100% of his max HR, therefore at intensities developing Maximum Aerobic Power with lactate production!

 

Considering job position

This individualisation therefore seems unavoidable today as the physical profiles are so heterogeneous. Moreover, if we take into account the requirements of the positions, we can see that the demands are very different between, for example, the central defenders and the defensive midfielders. More explosiveness and speed work for some, more MAP work for others. There is therefore a need to adjust specific workloads. Thus, in the period of physical preparation, should training be carried out by level group according to the MAS? Then, throughout the season, intermittent work should take into account this measured value, and thus propose individualised running distances from one group to another.

This is where the sportbeeper comes into its own and allows you to organise your sessions.

 

A question of dosage and experience

 

We can go even further in the individualisation of the work by taking into account the “MAS support time” also called “limit time”. The latter is defined by the player’s ability to maintain a running speed equal to his or her MAS for as long as possible (a test that can be performed using the sportbeeper). For athletes, the average is about 6 minutes, with standard deviations ranging from 4 to 12 minutes. It is the lactic capacity and running economy that will determine performance.

temps limite à VMA (TMI)

It is the lactic capacity and running economy that will determine performance.

 

Maintenance of strong quality, and development of poor quality

 

Finally, a last element to take into account in the individualisation of physical training is the athletic profile of your players.If one of your midshipmen has a MAS of 19 km/h, should he work primarily on his MAP for his position? This does not seem to be an obligation. A good balance must be achieved in order to regularly maintain this strong quality, of course, but also to work on his explosiveness if he seems deficient in this area. Conversely, a midfielder with a MAS of only 16km/h will need to focus on improving his MAS and MAP in order to be able to adequately meet the needs of his position. It’s all about the right mix …. and experience!

individualiser le travail physique

 

Case study: support time

 

Let’s take two subjects with the same MAS of 18 km/h. The first (A) will have a support time of 6 min and the second (B) of 10 min.

The question that needs to be asked is whether an intermittent session of 3 x 8 min blocks of 15-15 at 110% of MVA will be experienced in the same way by both players. 

The answer is no!

Véronique Billat’s work has shown that the intermittent load can be individualised by taking account of this support time.

Your players have the ability to repeat 5 sequences run at MAS with a work duration equal to 1/2 the support time (e.g. if the support time at MAS =6min, the 1/2 support time =3 min). 

5 sequences associated with active recoveries run at 60% of the MAS and whose working time is also equal to 1/2 of the support time.

In our example, player A will therefore perform 5 sequences of 3 min at 18km/h with active recovery of 3 min at 10.8km/h, while player B will perform 5 sequences of 5 min with the same recovery time.

This work allows the heart and muscles to be worked at VO2max for a longer period of time than in continuous exercise. Thus, by transposing this model to short intermittent work, the total workload will be equal to 2.5 times the time limit. Player A will be able to perform 15 min of work broken down into 2 blocks of 7’30 min, while player B will perform 25 min of work broken down into 3 blocks of 8’20 min for example (3*8’20= 25min)

 

 

Bibliography: the 30 most frequently asked questions about physical preparation (Jean Christophe HOURCADE, Publication date 01/09/2013, Publisher RC média )RC média )